Topic - 𝗟𝗶𝗻𝘂𝘅 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗱𝘀 𝗘𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘆 𝗖𝘆𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗰𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗟𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗻𝗲𝗿

𝗟𝗶𝗻𝘂𝘅 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗱𝘀 𝗘𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘆 𝗖𝘆𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗰𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗟𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗻𝗲𝗿
𝗟𝗶𝗻𝘂𝘅 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗱𝘀 𝗘𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘆 𝗖𝘆𝗯𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗰𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗟𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗻𝗲𝗿 𝗦𝗵𝗼𝘂𝗹𝗱 𝗞𝗻𝗼𝘄 🐧💻

1️⃣ Getting Started With The Terminal

• pwd → show current directory
• whoami → show logged-in user
• clear → clear terminal screen
• exit → close terminal session

2️⃣ Navigating The File System

• ls → list files & directories
• ls -l → detailed file list
• ls -a → show hidden files
• cd folder → change directory
• cd .. → move one directory back
• cd ~ → go to home directory
• tree → visualize directory structure

3️⃣ Working With Files & Directories

• touch file.txt → create empty file
• mkdir folder → create directory
• cp source dest → copy file
• cp -r dir1 dir2 → copy directory recursively
• mv old new → move or rename file
• rm file.txt → delete file
• rm -r folder → delete directory recursively
• rmdir folder → remove empty directory

4️⃣ Viewing & Editing Files

• cat file.txt → display file contents
• less file.txt → read large files
• head file.txt → first 10 lines
• tail file.txt → last 10 lines
• nano file.txt → beginner-friendly editor
• vim file.txt → advanced editor

5️⃣ Searching & Finding Files

• find /path -name file → search file by name
• grep "text" file.txt → search text inside file
• grep -r "text" /path → recursive search
• locate filename → quickly find files

6️⃣ Installing & Managing Software

(Debian / Ubuntu Based)

• sudo apt update → refresh packages
• sudo apt upgrade → upgrade installed packages
• sudo apt install package → install software
• sudo apt remove package → remove software
• dpkg -i package.deb → install .deb package

7️⃣ System Information & Monitoring

• uname -a → kernel & system info
• top → real-time process monitoring
• htop → interactive process viewer
• df -h → disk usage
• du -sh folder → folder size
• free -h → memory usage
• uptime → system uptime
• hostname → system name
• lscpu / lsblk / lsusb / lspci → hardware info

8️⃣ Users & Permissions Management

• adduser username → create user
• passwd username → change password
• chmod 755 file → modify permissions
• chown user:group file → change ownership
• id → user UID & groups
• who / w → logged-in users

9️⃣ Networking Commands

• ip a / ifconfig → network interfaces
• ping hostname → test connectivity
• curl website[.]com → retrieve web data
• wget url → download files
• netstat -tuln → open ports
• ss -tulwn → socket statistics

🔟 File Compression & Archiving

• tar -cvf archive.tar folder/ → create tar archive
• tar -xvf archive.tar → extract tar archive
• gzip file → compress file
• gunzip file.gz → decompress gzip file
• zip -r archive[.]zip folder/ → create zip archive
• unzip archive[.]zip → extract zip archive

📌 Most Important Commands For Beginners

→ ls
→ cd
→ cat
→ grep
→ find
→ chmod
→ curl
→ top
→ ssh
→ tar

Master these first.

Linux is one of the most important skills in: • Cybersecurity
• Cloud
• DevOps
• System Administration
• Networking

The terminal is where real learning starts.

Subsection: Computers Tricks
Section: Tips and Tricks

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